深圳翻译公司

Outside of the Middle Kingdom and Southeast Asia , there is probably no spot in the world more Chinese than New York City. When people think of American cities with heavy Chinese concentrations, usually San Francisco and Los Angeles are the first to come to mind. It often comes as surprise that New York City now has, by far, the largest Chinese population in the Western Hemisphere, and is the primary economic, cultural, and logistical center of Chinese life in the United States.

除了中国和东南亚，世界上再没有比纽约的中国人更多的地方了。当人们提到中国人最密集的美国城市时，通常最先想起的就是旧金山和洛杉矶。现在让人惊奇的是，纽约有更多的中国人，其中国人口数量是西半球最多的，它是中国人在美国的主要经济、文化、和后勤基地。

Throughout the 19th Century and the majority of the 20th, most Chinese immigrants to the continental United States came from Guangdong (the Cantonese province) and settled in California. In an era when ships were the dominant form of international transport, the West Coast was the logical destination for immigrants from Asia. Well into the 20th Century, even as air travel became increasingly feasible, most Chinese immigration still passed through the West Coast, since this was where the established immigrant communities were located.

在整个19世纪和大段的20世纪，大多数移民到美国大陆的中国人是从广东（广东省）来的，并在加州定居。在以船为主要国际运输工具的时代，西海岸是亚洲移民理所当然的目的地。好吧，到了20世纪，即使空运越来越被广泛运用，大部分中国移民还是经过西海岸，因为已经建立的移民社区在这里。

Then in the 1980’s a dramatic shift in Chinese immigration occurred. Rural peasants from Fuzhou, the capital of Fujian province, just north of Guangdong, began emigrating en masse to the United States. The immigrants from Fuzhou did not share business and kinship connections with the established Cantonese communities in California, nor could they understand the Cantonese language, the lingua franca of most American Chinatowns at the time. Without ties to existing American Chinese communities, and with the ease of jet travel, the Fuzhou immigrants had little reason to settle in California, as previous generations of Chinese had done. Instead, they flocked to New York City, where a formidable labor vacuum was emerging out of the booming Chinese restaurant industry.

然后在20世纪80年代，中国移民发生了戏剧性的转变。就在位于广东北面的福建省省会福州的农民开始集体移民到美国。福州来的移民并不与加州广东社区的人进行商业来往和亲属关系，他们也不懂当时大部分美国唐人街流行的混合语——粤语。在没有与现有中国社区联系、喷气机旅行很容易的情况下，福州移民几乎没有理由像前几代中国人一样在加州定居。相反，他们蜂拥至纽约，在那里强大的劳动力真空正出现在蓬勃发展的中国餐饮业。

Since the 1980’s the Fuzhou population, and by extension the Chinese population of the United States, has grown by unprecedented numbers. With the quantity of Fuzhou immigrants long surpassing that of the Cantonese, New York has now become the main port of entry for Chinese immigrants in the United States.

自从20世纪80年代以来，福州的人口，以及在美国中国人口的膨胀已经达到了前所未有的数量。伴随着福州移民的数量超过了广东移民，纽约就成了中国移民在美国的主要入境港。

在纽约的大部分中国人其实不是从福州来的，而小村庄以及农村乡镇周边的人，包括长乐、连江、福清和琅崎岛（音译）。因为有些人在福州或者周边呆过两三年，所以中国移民这一话题一度成为特别的个人爱好。因此我最近在纽约停留时，就特意去拜访了各种各样的中国飞地。

New York City has three primary Chinese communities, the Manhattan Chinatown on the Lower East Side, the Queens Chinatown in Flushing, and the Brooklyn Chinatown in Sunset Park. Excluding San Francisco’s Chinatown, each of the three New York communities on their own are more populous than any other Chinatown in the United States. The following is a photo essay from four days in New York. Enjoy.

在纽约主要有3个中国社区，曼哈顿下东区的唐人街、法拉盛皇后区的唐人街和日落公园的布鲁克林唐人街。除了旧金山的唐人街，纽约的每个中国社区人口密度都比其他美国唐人街要高。下图是在纽约四天的摄影报道。好好欣赏。

曼哈顿 · Manhattan

 Most Chinese immigrants in New York are not from the city of Fuzhou per se, but rather the small villages and townships in its rural periphery including Changle, Lianjiang, Fuqing, and Langqi Island. As someone who spent three years living in and around Fuzhou, the topic of Chinese immigration has always been of particular personal interest. So during my recent stop in New York, I made it a point to visit its various Chinese enclaves.

 Manhattan’s Chinatown is located on the lower east side within a massive tract of tenement housing blocks, not far from the former site of Five Points, the immigrant neighborhood showcased in the Martin Scorsese’s film “Gangs of New York.” For much of the 20th Century, the area which is now Chinatown was New York’s Little Italy.曼哈顿唐人街位于下东区，有着大规模的住宿楼宇，离 Five Points的旧址不远，移民们在 Martin Scorsese的电影院展示了《纽约黑帮》。对于20世纪的大多数时期，现在是唐人街的地方曾是纽约的小意大利。

 Fuzhou dialect cannot be heard. Much has been written about the Chinese (and specifically the Fuzhou) immigration pipeline into New York City, and further reading, I would recommend The Snakehead by Patrick Radden Keefe (which I reviewed in July) or The Fortune Chronicles by Jennifer 8. Lee. I still have more to report from my recent trip to the East Coast, and I’ll try to have additional posts in the weeks to come.

在这里听不到福州方言。有许多关于中国（尤其是福州）移民怎样进入纽约的书，要进一步阅读的话，我推荐 Patrick Radden Keefe的《蛇头》（原文：The Snakehead）（我在7月份看过），或者 Jennifer 8. Lee 的《The Fortune Chronicles》。对于我最近在东海岸的旅行仍然有很多要说的，我会尽量在未来几周增添文章。